Is the Bible Repeated Over and Over Again

Albert Einstein? Al-Anon? Narcotics Anonymous? Max Nordau? George Bernard Shaw? Samuel Beckett? George A. Kelly? Rita Mae Brown? John Larroquette? Jessie Potter? Werner Erhard?

Honey Quote Investigator: Information technology's foolish to repeat ineffective deportment. 1 pop formulation presents this point harshly:

The definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting a unlike outcome.

These words are usually credited to the acclaimed genius Albert Einstein. What practice y'all think?

Quote Investigator: There is no noun evidence that Einstein wrote or spoke the statement above. It is listed inside a section chosen "Misattributed to Einstein" in the comprehensive reference "The Ultimate Quotable Einstein" from Princeton University Press. ^[ane] 2010, The Ultimate Quotable Einstein, Edited by Alice Calaprice, Section: Misattributed to Einstein, Quote Page 474, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Bailiwick of jersey. (Verified on paper)

The earliest strong lucifer known to QI appeared in October 1981 inside a Knoxville, Tennessee paper article describing a meeting of Al-Anon, an organisation designed to help the families of alcoholics. The journalist described the "Twelve Steps" of Al-Betimes which are based on similar steps employed in Alcoholics Anonymous. The paper began with these ii steps: ^[2] 1981 October 11, The Knoxville News-Sentinel Al-Anon Helps Family unit, Friends to Orderly Lives past Betsy Pickle (Living Today Staff Writer), Quote Page F17, Column 2, Knoxville, Tennessee. (GenealogyBank)

Step 1: Nosotros admitted we were powerless over booze – that our lives had go unmanageable.

Step 2: Came to believe that a Power greater than ourselves could restore usa to sanity

One of the attendees at the meeting hesitated to accept the accurateness of second step. Emphasis added to excerpts by QI:

Not all the women are willing to acknowledge they needed to be "restored to sanity." In fact, one of them doggedly maintains that she had never reached a point of insanity. Simply another remarks, "Insanity is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting unlike results."

The 2d primeval strong match known to QI appeared in a pamphlet printed by the Narcotics Bearding organization in Nov 1981: ^[3] 1981, Narcotics Anonymous Pamphlet, (Basic Text Approval Course, Unpublished Literary Piece of work), Chapter Four: How It Works, Footstep Ii, Page eleven, Printed November 1981, Copyright 1981, West.South.C.-Literature … Proceed reading

The price may seem higher for the aficionado who prostitutes for a fix than it is for the addict who merely lies to a doctor, just ultimately both pay with their lives. Insanity is repeating the same mistakes and expecting different results.

QI caused a PDF of the document with the quotation above on the website amonymifoundation.org back in Feb 2011. The document stated that is was printed in November 1981, and it had a 1981 copyright notice. The website was subsequently reorganized, but the document remains bachelor via the Internet Archive Wayback Machine database.

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.
The linkage between insanity and repetition has a long history. The controversial book "Degeneration" by Max Nordau was published in German in 1892 and translated into English past 1895. Nordau examined the works of a multifariousness of artists and savagely attacked those that contained repetition which he believed evinced a mental defect in the creator. For example, he criticized Maurice Maeterlinck's "La Princesse Maleine": ^[four] 1895 Copyright, Degeneration by Max Nordau (Max Simon Nordau) (Translated from the 2nd Edition of the German Work), Quote Folio 238, D. Appleton and Visitor. (Google Books Full View) link

Has anyone anywhere in the verse of the two worlds ever seen such consummate idiocy? These 'Ahs' and 'Ohs,' this want of comprehension of the simplest remarks, this repetition four or five times of the same imbecile expressions, gives the truest conceivable clinical picture of incurable cretinism. These parts are precisely those almost extolled past Maeterlinck's admirers.

When George Bernard Shaw reviewed Nordau's opus he turned the criticism of repetition back upon the writer and suggested that Nordau might diagnose himself equally mentally unsound: ^[5] 1895 July 27, Liberty, Book 11, Number six, A Degenerate's View of Nordau past Bernard Shaw, Quote Page ii, Column 1, Published by Benj. R Tucker, New York. (Reprint in 1970 past Greenwood Reprint … Proceed reading

I have read Max Nordau's "Degeneration" at your request,—2 hundred and threescore one thousand mortal words, saying the same thing over and over again. That, equally you know, is the way to drive a thing into the mind of the world, though Nordau considers it a symptom of insane "obsession" on the part of writers who do non share his own opinions. His message to the globe is that all our characteristically modern works of fine art are symptoms of disease in the artists, and that these diseased artists are themselves symptoms of the nervous exhaustion of the race by overwork.

The 1955 book "The Psychology of Personal Constructs" past George A. Kelly included a definition that corresponded to the saying under investigation although it employed a unlike vocabulary: ^[6] 1955, The Psychology of Personal Constructs by George A. Kelly, Volume two: Clinical Diagnosis and Psychotherapy, Quote Page 831, Published by W. W. Norton & Visitor, New York. (Verified on paper)

From the standpoint of the psychology of personal constructs we may define a disorder equally whatever personal construction which is used repeatedly in spite of consequent invalidation. This is an unusual definition, equally psychological thinking normally goes.

In October 1981 an educator and advisor on family unit relationships delivered a oral communication containing a thematically related adage: ^[7] 1981 Oct 24, The Milwaukee Sentinel, Search For Quality Called Key To Life past Tom Ahern, Quote Page five, Column v, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. (Google News Archive)

"If yous e'er do what y'all've always done, you lot ever become what you've always gotten." That was the advice of Jessie Potter, the featured speaker at Friday's opening of the seventh annual Adult female to Woman briefing.

More information most the quotation above is available here.

In October 1981 the saying was spoken by an attendee of an Al-Anon meeting equally noted previously:

Insanity is doing the same affair over and over once more and expecting dissimilar results.

In Nov 1981 a pamphlet from Narcotics Anonymous contained a close friction match as noted previously:

Insanity is repeating the same mistakes and expecting different results.

The 1983 novel "Sudden Death" by Rita Mae Brown included an case credited to Jane Fulton who was a character within the book: ^[eight] 1983, Sudden Death by Rita Mae Brown, Chapter 4, Quote Folio 68, Published by Runted Books, New York. (Verified with scans)

The problem with Susan was that she made the same mistakes repeatedly. She'd fall in love with a woman and swallow her. Susan thought that her mere presence was plenty. What more than was there to give? When she tired, commonly after a twelvemonth or so, she'd find another adult female.

Unfortunately, Susan didn't remember what Jane Fulton once said. "Insanity is doing the aforementioned matter over and again, but expecting different results."

A June 1983 book review of "Sudden Death" in "The Clarion-Ledger" of Jackson, Mississippi reprinted the saying: ^[9] 1983 June 19, The Clarion-Ledger, "Sudden Death" a circuitous metaphor by Stephen 50. Silberman, (Book review of "Sudden Death" by Rita Mae Brown), Quote Page 7H, Column ii, … Go on reading

Women'due south tennis gets a thorough dissecting in this story. Jane Fulton is the critical sports writer who contends "Modern professional person sports rewards players for function instead of character. Responsibility is normally defined as doing a job better than anyone else." She looks askance at professional person tennis and says "Win and become a god. Lose and exist forgotten." Finally subsequently following the lives and careers of the players, and the game itself, she concludes, "Insanity is doing the aforementioned thing over and over and once again, but expecting different results."

Also in 1983 Samuel Beckett, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature, offered a counterpoint perspective in his work "Worstward Ho": ^[10] 1983, Worstward Ho by Samuel Beckett, Quote Folio seven, Grove Press Inc., New York. (Verified with scans)

All of erstwhile. Aught else ever. Ever tried. Ever failed. No matter. Try again. Neglect over again. Fail ameliorate.

In January 1986 the Emmy-winning player John Larroquette who was a star in the television one-act series "Dark Court" shared the definition during a newspaper interview: ^[11] 1986 January 5, The Sydney Morning Herald, Idiot box with Jacqueline Lee Lewes: From drugs, drink to… Night Court: 'Confessions of an Emmy Star, Quote Folio 31, Column 3, Sydney, New … Proceed reading

He pops in a definition of insanity – "It'southward the repetition of the same activeness expecting different results. Similar jumping out of a forty-storey building, breaking every os, spending six months in infirmary, going back to the same building, up to the 39th floor, jumping and expecting it to be different. It is NEVER different."

In Apr 1986 an opinion piece by Baltazar A. Acevedo Jr in "The Dallas Morning News" of Texas included the proverb: ^[12] 1986 April 25, The Dallas Morning time News, Leadership Beyond Ethnicity Should Be Goal of Dallasites past Baltazar A. Acevedo Jr., Dallas, Texas. (NewsBank Access World News)

I in one case heard insanity defined equally a procedure past which an individual or a organization does something over and over again in the aforementioned manner while yet expecting different results. To keep to evaluate and address issues in our community strictly along ethnic, instead of human, considerations is insane if only for one reason: It will lead to the polarization that is the standard of paranoid societies.

The 1988 book "Raising Self-Reliant Children in a Self-Indulgent Globe" included an instance: ^[13] 1988 Copyright, Raising Cocky-Reliant Children in a Self-Indulgent Earth: Seven Edifice Blocks for Developing Capable Young People by H. Stephen Glenn and Jane Nelsen, Quote Page 174, Published past … Proceed reading

Flexibility is the power to bend when we detect ourselves in unworkable positions. A universal characteristic of insanity is inflexibly doing the aforementioned matter over and over while hoping for different results. Flexibility in the face of changing circumstances, by dissimilarity, is a authentication of mental health.

By 1990 the maxim was existence attributed to Einstein. For example, the "Austin American-Statesman" of Austin, Texas published the following remark fabricated by Travis Canton Commune Attorney Ronnie Earle: ^[fourteen] 1990 November 19, Austin American-Statesman, Department: News, Prison house Puzzle – Threat of cost explosion poses hard choices by Mike Ward, Quote Page A1, Austin, Texas. (NewsBank Access World … Continue reading

Einstein once said that insanity is doing the same thing over and over and expecting a different result.

In 1991 "The Seattle Times" printed the thoughts of an Indiana judge who ascribed another version of the maxim to Einstein: ^[fifteen] 1991 July four, The Seattle Times, Section: Editorial, Getting Out of the Freedom Business organisation by Don Williamson, Quote Page A8, Seattle, Washington. (NewsBank Access Earth News)

The jurist from the Hoosier State subscribes to Albert Einstein'due south definition of insanity: "doing the aforementioned thing over and over and expecting a different issue."

In 2000 a columnist working for the Knight Ridder News Service ascribed a version of the saying to the influential lecturer and trainer Werner Erhard although the name was misspelled as "Erhart": ^[16] 2000 July xxx, The Indianapolis Star, Get a plan to overcome problem spots past Tim O'Brien (Knight Ridder News Service), Quote Folio J3, Column ane, Indianapolis, Indiana. (Newspapers_com)

Werner Erhart described insanity as 'repeating identical behavior and expecting a different consequence.' If we repeatedly have difficulties in an area of life, doesn't it make sense that our behaviors cause the bug?

In 2016 the webcomic "xkcd" depicted 2 characters conversing; the showtime mentioned the now well-known definition of insanity, and the second replied with a remark that implicitly and cleverly applied the logic of the definition to his companion: ^[17] Website: xkcd Comic, Comic title: Insanity, Comic writer: Randall Munroe, Appointment on website: March eighteen, 2016, Website description: A webcomic of romance, sarcasm, math, and language. (Accessed xkcd.com … Keep reading

You've been quoting that cliche for years. Has it convinced anyone to alter their mind yet?

In conclusion, based on current evidence the saying originated in ane of the twelve-footstep communities. Anonymity is greatly valued in these communities, and no specific author has been identified by the many researchers who have explored the provenance of this adage. The linkage to Albert Einstein occurred many years later his death and is unsupported.

Prototype Notes: Ii arrows pointing at one another from OpenClipart-Vectors at Pixabay. Portrait of Albert Einstein circa 1921 by Ferdinand Schmutzer accessed via Wikimedia Commons. Images accept been retouched, cropped and resized.

(Keen cheers to MJ Redman, Kevin Ashton, Melinda Denson, Linda Sternhill Davis, The Muser, Mededitor, Santanu Vasant, Simon Lancaster, Michael Cochran, David Meadows, J Carson, Guilherme Simões, Ed Darrell, Lee Winkelman, and Fabius Maximus (Ed.) whose inquiries led QI to formulate this question and perform this exploration. Special thanks to the volunteer researchers Quora and Wikiquote who mentioned the Narcotics Anonymous citation. Too, cheers to the valuable enquiry conducted past Barry Popik, Ben Zimmer, and Daniel Gackle. Many cheers to Pecker Mullins who located the important October 11, 1981 commendation.)

Update History: On July 31, 2019 the Oct 11, 1981 commendation was added to the commodity.

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Source: https://quoteinvestigator.com/2017/03/23/same/